NHTSA

Defect investigations

NHTSA opens defect investigations when complaint patterns suggest a possible safety risk. Browse all 4,161 investigations, including 98 currently open.

According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), the agency Office of Defects Investigation has opened 4,161 formal defect investigations into U.S. vehicles as of June 2026. Each investigation can precede a recall; see our methodology for how these federal case files are tracked.

4,161
Total
98
Open
2325
Preliminary
868
Engineering
210
Recall Queries
Status: All Open
Type: All PEEARQ
EA97022 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-10-23

WINDSHIELD WIPER FAILURE

PE97044 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-10-22

UNEXPECTED ENGINE SHUT DOWN

PE97043 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-10-20

CLUTCH HYDRAULIC LINE FAILURE

CHRYSLER CHRYSLER

SQ97020 SQ Closed
1997-10-06

UNINTENDED RELEASE OF THE REAR HATCH

SQ97019 SQ Closed
1997-10-06

HEATER COOLANT LEAK

RQ97017 Recall Query Closed
1997-10-02

CRADLE BOLT FAILURES

DP97004 Defect Petition Closed
1997-10-01

VISCOUS COUPLING FAILURE

EA97021 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-09-30

PASSENGER COMPARTMENT FIRES

EA97020 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-09-30

FRONT WINDSHIELD WIPER

EA97019 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-09-30

FRONT SEAT BACK COLLAPSE

EA97018 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-09-30

OUTER HOOD PANEL DETACHMENT

EA97017 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-09-30

HARNESS LATCH/BUCKLE PROBLEMS

EA97016 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-09-29

LOWER CONTROL ARM BALL JOINT FAILURE

PLYMOUTH PLYMOUTH

RQ97012 Recall Query Closed
1997-09-25

STEERING WHEEL AND COLUMN

RQ97011 Recall Query Closed
1997-09-25

FUEL LINE JUMPER

PE97042 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-09-21

OVERSENSITIVE AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT

RQ97010 Recall Query Closed
1997-09-11

FUEL TANK ASSEMBLY

SQ97018 SQ Closed
1997-09-09

RELOCATE FUEL RELAY

PE97041 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-09-09

INADVERTENT AIR BAG DEPLOYMENTS

PE97040 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-09-04

TRANSFER CASE LOCKUP

RQ97009 Recall Query Closed
1997-08-29

REAR LOWER SUBFRAME ASSEMBLY

PE97039 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-08-27

UNDERHOOD FIRES

SQ97021 SQ Closed
1997-08-19

HOSE INSPECTIONS

PE97038 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-08-06

REAR SPRING FRACTURE

PE97037 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-07-28

STEERING WHEEL/COLUMN LOCKUP

RQ97013 Recall Query Closed
1997-07-27

MODIFIED RECLINER ARM

PE97036 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-07-24

FUEL TUB RETAINING CLIP FAILURE

EA97015 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-07-22

TURN SIGNAL FAILURES

PE97035 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-07-22

FRONT SUSPENSION COIL SPRING FAILURE

PE97034 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-07-16

IGNITION INTERLOCK FAILURE

PE97033 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-07-14

WHEEL SEPARATION FROM VEHICLE

PE97031 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-07-11

ELECTRICAL FIRE

PE97032 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-07-11

INADVERTENT FRONT ENTRY DOOR OPENINGS

DP97003 Defect Petition Closed
1997-07-10

FAULTY GAS GAUGE INDICATORS

DP97002 Defect Petition Closed
1997-07-09

SAFETY PERFORMANCE OF AIR BAGS

SQ97017 SQ Closed
1997-07-02

INADVERTENT AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT

CADILLAC CADILLAC

SQ97016 SQ Closed
1997-06-23

INADEQUATE CLEARANCE OF THE FUEL FILLER

PE97030 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-06-18

MISSING SIDE-WINDOW STOPS

PE97029 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-06-17

CONVERTIBLE TOP COVER DISENGAGEMENT

PE97028 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-06-17

WINDSHIELD WIPER

PE97027 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-06-17

DRIVERS SEAT FAILURE

PE97026 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-06-13

MISSING J-HOOK BODY RETENTION HOOKS

PE97025 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-06-12

INSTRUMENT PANEL/DASH ELECTRICAL FIRE

PE97024 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-06-03

CHASSIS SPRING SHACKLES

EA97014 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-06-03

STEERING WHEEL SEPARATION/DISENGAGEMENT

SQ97015 SQ Closed
1997-06-02

MULTIPLEX STEERING WHEEL OPERATION

EA97013 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-05-30

DYSFUNCTION TURN SIGNAL ASSEMBLY

EA97012 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-05-23

OVERSENSITIVE AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT

MAZDA MAZDA

EA97011 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-05-23

SUNROOF SHATTERING AND SEPARATION

PE97021 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-05-20

ALLEGED FAILURE LOWER RADIUS ROD BRACKER

PE97023 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-05-19

HARNESS LATCH/BUCKLE PROBLEMS

PE97022 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-05-19

PASSENGER COMPARTMENT FIRES

PE97020 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-05-14

ALLEGED FRAME FRACTURES

SQ97012 SQ Closed
1997-05-12

BATTERY CABLE ROUTING

SQ97014 SQ Closed
1997-05-10

LOWER BALL JOINT FAILURE

MAZDA MAZDA

SQ97011 SQ Closed
1997-05-06

BROKEN OR DAMAGED ENGINE FAN

VOLVO VOLVO

PE97019 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-05-06

FAILURE TRANSMISSION PARK ENGAGEMENT/LOC

FORD F-150

EA97010 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-04-30

OVERSENSITIVE AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT

SUBARU SUBARU

EA97009 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-04-30

LOSS OF STEERING CONTROL

PE97018 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-04-29

TURN SIGNAL FAILURES

TOYOTA TOYOTA

EA97008 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-04-23

LEAKING FUEL TANK

PE97017 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-04-23

AIR BAG EXHAUST FIRE

EA97007 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-04-17

STEERING SHAFT SEPARATIONS

SQ97006 SQ Closed
1997-04-14

FRONT RADIOS ROD MODIFICATION

SQ97010 SQ Closed
1997-04-10

EMERGENCY DOOR DECALS

EA97005 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-04-10

SAFETY BELT ANCHORAGE FAILURES

PE97016 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-04-07

FRONT SEAT BACK COLLAPSE

PE97014 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-04-04

AIR BAG EXHAUST FIRE

PE97015 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-04-04

AIR BAG EXHAUST FIRE

PE97013 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-04-02

WINDSHIELD WIPER FAILURE

EA97006 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-03-26

CARRYING HANDLE COMES UNLATCHED

RQ97004 Recall Query Closed
1997-03-20

STEERING COLUMN ASSEMBLY

CHRYSLER CHRYSLER

PE97012 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-03-17

PASSENGER COMPARTMENT FIRES

PE97011 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-03-13

OUTER HOOD PANEL DETACHMENT

FORD FORD

PE97010 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-03-13

ELECTRICAL FIRE IN CENTER CONSOLE

PE97009 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-03-13

LOWER CONTROL ARM BALL JOINT FAILURE

CHRYSLER CHRYSLER

DP97001 Defect Petition Closed
1997-03-12

WINDSHIELD WIPER FAILURE

CHRYSLER CHRYSLER

SQ97004 SQ Closed
1997-03-05

CLEARANCE LIGHTS NONCOMPLAINANCE

SQ97003 SQ Closed
1997-03-05

BILINGUAL LABELING

SQ97005 SQ Closed
1997-03-05

CLEARANCE LIGHTS NONCOMPLIANCE

EA97004 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-02-28

SEAT BELT WEBBING SEPARATION

PE97008 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-02-03

INADVERTENT AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT

PE97007 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-01-31

ALLEGED FIRES IN STEERING COLUMN AREA

EA97003 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-01-31

INTEGRATED CHILD SEAT BELT LOCKUP

CHRYSLER CHRYSLER

EA97002 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-01-31

FUEL TANK LEAKS

CHRYSLER CHRYSLER

PE97006 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-01-30

INAPPROPRIATE AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT

PE97005 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-01-29

UNDERCARRIAGE FIRES

PE97004 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-01-29

STEERING WHEEL SEPARATION/DISENGAGEMENT

PE97003 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-01-21

LEAKING FUEL TANK

PE97001 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-01-17

REAR AXLE SEPARATION FROM VEHICLE

PE97002 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-01-17

WINDSHIELD WIPER FAILURE

HYUNDAI ELANTRA

EA97001 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-01-13

BRAKE DISC/HUB SEPARATION

SQ97002 SQ Closed
1997-01-09

REVERSE POLARITY ON BATTERY CABLE

SQ97001 SQ Closed
1997-01-08

UNINTENDED VEHICLE MOTION

EA96030 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-12-20

CRACKED FUEL TANKS

EA96031 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-12-20

FUEL LIQUID-VAPOR SEPARATOR

PE96077 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-12-18

LOSS OF CHASSIS ELECTRICAL POWER

PE96076 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-12-18

STEERING SHAFT SEPARATIONS

PE96075 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-12-18

OVERSENSITIVE AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT

SUBARU IMPREZA

PE96074 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-12-17

SUNROOF (AIR ROOF) SHATTER

Understanding NHTSA Investigations

Preliminary Evaluation (PE)

Initial assessment of a potential safety defect, typically opened after receiving multiple consumer complaints about similar issues.

Engineering Analysis (EA)

In-depth technical evaluation that may include testing, data collection from manufacturers, and detailed defect analysis.

Recall Query (RQ)

Evaluation of the effectiveness of a previously issued recall remedy, often triggered when complaints persist after a recall.

Investigation Outcomes

Investigations may result in a voluntary recall by the manufacturer, a mandatory recall order, or closure if no defect is found.

Data from NHTSA Office of Defects Investigation. PlainCars does not rate or recommend vehicles. about how PlainCars sources NHTSA data.