NHTSA

Defect investigations

NHTSA opens defect investigations when complaint patterns suggest a possible safety risk. Browse all 4,161 investigations, including 98 currently open.

According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), the agency Office of Defects Investigation has opened 4,161 formal defect investigations into U.S. vehicles as of June 2026. Each investigation can precede a recall; see our methodology for how these federal case files are tracked.

4,161
Total
98
Open
2325
Preliminary
868
Engineering
210
Recall Queries
Status: All Open
Type: All PEEARQ
PE98039 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-07-09

DOOR CABLE FAILURE

PE98038 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-07-08

POWER MIRROR CIRCUIT FIRES

PE98037 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-07-01

HOOD LATCH FAILURE

VOLKSWAGEN VOLKSWAGEN

RQ98010 Recall Query Closed
1998-06-30

BRAIDED FUEL (CNG) HOSE FAILURES

NISSAN NISSAN

SQ98012 SQ Closed
1998-06-30

CONDENSER FAN MOTOR INOPERATIVE

EA98015 Engineering Analysis Closed
1998-06-25

REAR STEREO SPEAKER FIRES

SQ98011 SQ Closed
1998-06-22

PROHEAT BRAVO HEATER FIRES

DP98006 Defect Petition Closed
1998-06-11

HOOD FLY-UP

PE98036 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-06-08

CRACKING OF ROOF SUPPORT STRUCTURE

PE98035 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-06-08

FRAME CROSS MEMBER FAILURE

DP98005 Defect Petition Closed
1998-06-04

ENGINE OIL PUMP FAILURE

SQ98010 SQ Closed
1998-06-03

WINDSHIELD WIPER INOPERATION

BMW BMW

SQ98009 SQ Closed
1998-06-01

NABI LOW-FLOOR, LNG BUSES; FUEL TANK

RQ98008 Recall Query Closed
1998-05-29

FORD F-SERIES DUAL FUEL TANK LEAKAGE

FORD F-SERIES

EA98014 Engineering Analysis Closed
1998-05-29

AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE IGNITION INTERLOCK

PE98034 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-05-28

BRAKE TREADLE FRACTURE

EA98013 Engineering Analysis Closed
1998-05-27

PARKING BRAKE

EA98012 Engineering Analysis Closed
1998-05-27

HEATER CORE REPTURE

PE98033 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-05-27

OVERSENSITIVE AIR BAG DEPLOYMENTS

PE98032 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-05-22

STOP LAMP SWITCH

PE98028 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-05-19

FUEL TANK LEAK

PE98031 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-05-18

BODY/FRAME SEPARATIONS

EA98011 Engineering Analysis Closed
1998-05-18

UNDERHOOD FUEL FIRES

DP98004 Defect Petition Closed
1998-05-18

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FAILURE

PE98030 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-05-15

FINGER CUTTING/PINCHING

PE98029 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-05-13

OCCUPANT HARNESS BUCKLE FAILURE

RQ98007 Recall Query Closed
1998-05-11

TRANSFER CASE LEAKAGE

MITSUBISHI MITSUBISHI

EA98010 Engineering Analysis Closed
1998-05-08

HEADLIGHT CIRCUIT

SQ98008 SQ Closed
1998-05-04

AUDIO SYSTEM FIRES

SQ98007 SQ Closed
1998-05-04

INCORRECT CHILD SAFETY SEAT TETHER ANCHO

EA98008 Engineering Analysis Closed
1998-04-30

MISSING/LOOSE FRONT BRAKE

EA98009 Engineering Analysis Closed
1998-04-30

UNEXPECTED ENGINE STALLING WHEN RIDING

PE98027 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-04-27

INADEQUATE WELDING PASSENGER SEAT

PE98026 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-04-27

COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) LEAKAGE

PE98025 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-04-24

CO INTRUSION

PE98023 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-04-23

DEGRADED BRAKING PERFORMANCE

SQ98006 SQ Closed
1998-04-22

AUDIO SYSTEM FIRES

PE98024 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-04-21

TIE ROD END FAILURES

SQ98005 SQ Closed
1998-04-14

FUEL LEAK FROM VAPOR CANISTER

PE98022 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-04-14

REAR SUSPENSION TRAILING ARM/BOLT

PE98021 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-04-01

LOSS OF THROTTLE CONTROL

PE98020 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-03-31

UNDERHOOD FUEL LEAKAGE AND FIRES

PE98019 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-03-31

UNDERHOOD FUEL LEAKAGE AND FIRES

PE98018 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-03-31

UNDERHOOD FUEL LEAKAGE AND FIRES

PE98017 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-03-31

UNDERHOOD FUEL LEAKAGE AND FIRES

RQ98004 Recall Query Closed
1998-03-18

STEERING COLUMNS

RQ98006 Recall Query Closed
1998-03-18

INADVERTENT AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT

RQ98005 Recall Query Closed
1998-03-13

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION CONTROL

FORD F-150

PE98016 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-03-13

THROTTLE HANG-UP

DP98003 Defect Petition Closed
1998-03-11

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FAILURE

CHRYSLER CHRYSLER

PE98015 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-03-11

CO INTRUSION

RQ98002 Recall Query Closed
1998-03-10

TRANSMISSION QUICK CONNECTORS

CHRYSLER CHRYSLER

EA98007 Engineering Analysis Closed
1998-03-10

FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY LEAKAGE

CHRYSLER CHRYSLER

PE98014 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-03-06

FUEL RAIL LEAKAGE

RQ98003 Recall Query Closed
1998-03-06

ICE FORMATION IN THE THROTTLE BODY

DP98002 Defect Petition Closed
1998-03-05

THROTTLE STICKING

RQ98001 Recall Query Closed
1998-03-03

FRONT COIL SPRING FRACTURE

PE98013 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-03-02

ELECTRICAL SHORT/FIRE

EA98006 Engineering Analysis Closed
1998-02-27

INADVERTENT AIR BAG DEPLOYMENTS

EA98005 Engineering Analysis Closed
1998-02-27

CLUTCH HYDRAULIC LINE

PE98012 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-02-26

UNDERHOOD FIRES

PE98011 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-02-25

MISMATCHED BRAKE ACTUATION CHAMBERS

EA98004 Engineering Analysis Closed
1998-02-24

INADVERTENT AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT

SQ98004 SQ Closed
1998-02-24

LOSS OF REAR BRAKES

BMW BMW

SQ98003 SQ Closed
1998-02-13

SLIDING TOP DOOR KIT

PE98010 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-02-13

FUEL SENDER ASSEMBLY FIRES

PE98009 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-02-13

INDEPENDENT FRONT SUSPENSION TORSION BAR

PE98008 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-02-11

SEAT BACK FAILURES

PE98007 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-02-06

PASSENGER COMPARTMENT FIRE

PE98005 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-02-06

ERRATIC TURN SIGNAL OPERATION

PE98006 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-02-05

HEATER CORE RUPTURE

PE98004 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-02-05

UNDERHOOD FIRES

EA98003 Engineering Analysis Closed
1998-01-30

OVERSENSITIVE AIR BAG DEPLOYMENTS

EA98002 Engineering Analysis Closed
1998-01-30

TRANSFER CASE LOCKUP

SQ98002 SQ Closed
1998-01-27

FUEL GAUGE DOES NOT READ BELOW 1/4

EA98001 Engineering Analysis Closed
1998-01-23

OVERSENSITIVE AIR BAG DEPLOYMENTS

PE98003 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-01-23

UNDERHOOD FIRES

SQ98001 SQ Closed
1998-01-22

AD-IP PURGE VALVE UPDATE AND CHANGEUP

PE98002 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-01-14

HEADLIGHT CIRCUIT FAILURE

PE98001 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-01-07

AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE IGNITION INTERLOCK

DP98001 Defect Petition Closed
1998-01-06

HEAVY LATERAL VIBRATION

FORD EXPLORER SPORT

EA97028 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-12-30

UNDERHOOD FIRES

EA97027 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-12-24

WHEEL SEPARATION

PE97051 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-12-23

PARKING BRAKE FAILURE

PE97050 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-12-19

CONVERTIBLE TOP OPENING WHILE DRIVING

DP97006 Defect Petition Closed
1997-12-03

VEHICLE ROLLOVER

EA97026 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-11-26

FRONT SUSPENSION COIL SPRING FAILURE

EA97025 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-11-24

CONVERTIBLE TOP COVER DISENGAGEMENT

PE97049 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-11-18

AIR BAG CIRCUIT/WINDSHIELD WIPER MOTOR

SQ97023 SQ Closed
1997-11-14

REDUCED CLUTCH AND BRAKE EFFECTIVENESS

BMW BMW

SQ97022 SQ Closed
1997-11-14

STEERING LOCK/IGNITION SWITCH WIRING

BMW BMW

DP97005 Defect Petition Closed
1997-11-14

CONVERTIBLE TOP FLY-UP

EA97024 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-11-13

FUEL TUBE RETAINING CLIP FAILURE

PE97048 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-11-03

MISSING/LOOSE FRONT BRAKE CALIPER ANCHOR

EA97023 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-10-31

DRIVER'S SEAT FRAME FAILURE

PE97047 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-10-29

INADVERTENT AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT

RQ97015 Recall Query Closed
1997-10-29

PARKING PAWL

RQ97016 Recall Query Closed
1997-10-27

FUEL LEAKAGE

PE97046 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-10-24

INADVERTENT AIR BAG DEPLOYMENTS

PE97045 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-10-23

ENGINE COMPARTMENT FIRE

VOLVO VOLVO

Understanding NHTSA Investigations

Preliminary Evaluation (PE)

Initial assessment of a potential safety defect, typically opened after receiving multiple consumer complaints about similar issues.

Engineering Analysis (EA)

In-depth technical evaluation that may include testing, data collection from manufacturers, and detailed defect analysis.

Recall Query (RQ)

Evaluation of the effectiveness of a previously issued recall remedy, often triggered when complaints persist after a recall.

Investigation Outcomes

Investigations may result in a voluntary recall by the manufacturer, a mandatory recall order, or closure if no defect is found.

Data from NHTSA Office of Defects Investigation. PlainCars does not rate or recommend vehicles. about how PlainCars sources NHTSA data.