GMC SIERRA 3500 · model year

2015 GMC SIERRA 3500

40 NHTSA complaints, 1 crash report, and 7 active recalls for this specific cohort.

NHTSA overall rating

Not crash-tested

New Car Assessment Program

The 2015GMCSIERRA 3500 carries 40 consumer safety complaints in NHTSA's Office of Defects Investigation database for this specific model-year cohort. Within that volume, owners reported 1 crash, 3 fires, 1 injury, and 0 fatalities. For crash performance, NHTSA's New Car Assessment Program gave this cohort an overall Not Rated/5 rating, with Not Rated/5 front crash, Not Rated/5 side crash, and Not Rated/5 rollover scores derived from standardized barrier and dynamic tests.

Component-level analysis is where model-year complaints become actionable: the top complaint category for the 2015 SIERRA 3500 is exterior lighting with 6 filings, followed by electrical system (4) and engine (4). Concentration in one or two component groups is the classic signature of a systemic defect; a flat distribution usually reflects normal aging, warranty complaints, or isolated build-plant variability. This model year has 7 active recall campaigns, which means the manufacturer is obligated to remedy the covered defect at no charge for the life of the vehicle, the full NHTSA campaign numbers are listed below.

NHTSA currently has 2 investigation files overlapping the 2015 SIERRA 3500. Owners comparing this cohort against neighboring years should pair the counters above with the complaint-by-year trend on the parent model page, a spike in a single year often tracks to a platform refresh, a new transmission supplier, or an updated ECU calibration. Use the related-complaint feed below to read raw owner narratives before deciding whether any pattern here affects your specific use case.

40
Complaints
1
Crashes
3
Fires
1
Injuries
0
Deaths

Total Complaints

40 filings

Crashes Reported

1 reports

Source

NHTSA ODI

Federal complaints database

Complaints vs. fleet median (215)

At or below the fleet median complaint volume.

NHTSA NCAP overall: Not Rated/5 - Not rated · Front: Not Rated/5 · Side: Not Rated/5 · Rollover: Not Rated/5

Complaints by Component

ComponentCount
EXTERIOR LIGHTING6
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM4
ENGINE4
UNKNOWN OR OTHER3
SERVICE BRAKES3
STEERING3
AIR BAGS3
VISIBILITY/WIPER2
FUEL/PROPULSION SYSTEM2
SEATS1
POWER TRAIN1
VEHICLE SPEED CONTROL1
ELECTRONIC STABILITY CONTROL (ESC)1
SUSPENSION1
WHEELS1

Recalls (7)

18V57800030/08/2018

SERVICE BRAKES, HYDRAULIC:PEDALS AND LINKAGES

General Motors LLC (GM) is recalling certain 2015-2016 Chevrolet Silverado 2500, 3500, 1500 Crew Cab Special Service, Tahoe Police Pursuit/Special Service, GMC Sierra 2500, and 3500 vehicles. The brake pedal pivot nut may loosen, causing the brake pedal to be loose or inoperative.

20V73600025/11/2020

AIR BAGS:SIDE/WINDOW:CURTAIN:INFLATOR

General Motors LLC (GM) is recalling certain 2015-2016 GMC Sierra 1500 and Chevrolet Silverado 1500 and 2015 GMC Sierra 2500 and 3500, and Chevrolet Silverado 2500 and 3500 trucks. The roof-rail air bag (RRAB) inflator end cap may detach from the inflator.

17V66400019/10/2017

FUEL SYSTEM, GASOLINE:STORAGE:AUXILLARY TANK

General Motors LLC (GM) is recalling certain 2011-2015 Chevrolet Silverado 3500 and GMC Sierra 3500 trucks equipped with dual fuel tanks. The low fuel level sensor for the front tank may stick causing the rear tank to overfill the front tank.

17V43700010/07/2017

AIR BAGS:FRONTAL

General Motors LLC (GM) is recalling certain model year 2014-2016 Buick Lacrosse and Chevrolet Spark EV, Caprice PPV and SS vehicles, 2014-2017 Buick Encore and Chevrolet Corvette, Silverado 1500 and GMC Sierra 1500 vehicles, 2015-2016 Cadillac Escalade and Escalade ESV, Chevrolet Tahoe, Trax, Subur

16V65100008/09/2016

AIR BAGS:FRONTAL

General Motors LLC (GM) is recalling certain model year 2015-2017 Chevrolet Silverado 2500 HD, 3500 HD, Tahoe, Suburban, GMC Sierra 2500 HD and 3500 HD, GMC Yukon, GMC Yukon XL, Cadillac Escalade and Cadillac Escalade ESV vehicles and 2014-2017 Chevrolet Corvette, Silverado 1500, Trax, Caprice Poli

16V06900005/02/2016

SERVICE BRAKES, HYDRAULIC:PEDALS AND LINKAGES

General Motors LLC (GM) is recalling certain model year 2015-2016 Chevrolet Silverado 1500, 2500, and 3500 heavy duty trucks manufactured October 1, 2013, to February 1, 2016, 2015-2016 Chevrolet Tahoe Police Pursuit Vehicles (PPV) manufactured March 1, 2014, to February 1, 2016, and 2015-2016 GMC S

21V50400001/07/2021

AIR BAGS:SIDE/WINDOW:CURTAIN:INFLATOR

General Motors LLC (GM) is recalling certain 2015-2016 GMC Sierra 1500, 2500, 3500, and Chevrolet Silverado 1500, 2500, and 3500 trucks. The roof-rail air bag (RRAB) inflator end cap may detach from the inflator, or the inflator sidewall may rupture.

Recent Complaints

20250827AIR BAGS

The contact owns a 2015 GMC Sierra 3500. The contact stated that after parking in the driveway and turning off the vehicle, approximately 30 minutes later, the rear passenger’s side roof rail air bag erroneously deployed. The cause of the failure was not yet determined. The manufacturer and local dealer were notified of the failure. The vehicle was not yet repaired. The contact was informed that the VIN was included in the NHTSA Campaign Number: 21V504000 (AIR BAGS). The contact stated that the vehicle had experienced the failure listed in the recall. The failure mileage was 155,000. The VIN was not available.

Mileage: 155,000

20240621AIR BAGS

The contact owns a 2015 GMC Sierra 3500. The contact received notification of NHTSA Campaign Number: 21V504000 (Air Bags); however, the part to do the recall repair was not yet available. The contact stated that the manufacturer had exceeded a reasonable amount of time for the recall repair. The dealer was made aware of the issue and confirmed that parts were not yet available. The manufacturer was made aware of the issue and confirmed that parts were not yet available. The contact had not experienced a failure. Parts distribution disconnect.

20240125ENGINE AND ENGINE COOLING

The contact owns a 2015 GMC Sierra 3500. The contact stated while driving approximately 70 MPH, the vehicle abruptly lost motive power and decelerated to 25 MPH. The contact stated that the message “Engine Power Reduced” was displayed. The contact stated that the failure was intermittent, but always occurred while driving at high speeds. The contact had taken the vehicle to a local dealer however, the failure could not be duplicated. The vehicle was not repaired. The manufacturer was informed of the failure. The failure mileage was 48,815,

Mileage: 48,815

20221201ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

The service trailer brake icon keeps appearing on my screen I’m afraid it’s going to not work properly when towing trailers it’s constantly going on and off I believe it’s the brake control module switch but also could be in the harness just want Gm to be aware of the many blogs that I have read about with this problem The problem first appeared about two months ago

20220921ELECTRICAL SYSTEM:HORN

The contact owns a 2015 GMC Sierra 3500. The contact stated while driving 55 MPH, another vehicle merged into the lane that the contact was driving in and the contact pressed on the horn pad however, there was no sound coming from the horn. The vehicle was taken to an independent mechanic and the horn was replaced. The contact stated the failure had occurred several times and the horn was replaced each time. The manufacturer was contacted and stated there was no recall related to the failure and offered no additional assistance. The failure mileage was 120,000.

Mileage: 120,000

20220911ELECTRICAL SYSTEM: INTEGRATED TRAILER BRAKE CONTROL

4 weeks ago, constant repeated loud chime and visual warning stating " service trailer brake system". This is constantly alarming and unable to be cancelled or acknowledged throughout the drive. This results in distracted driving. Furthermore, it occurs both when towing a trailer or not towing. I have noticed decreased braking of the trailer as well. Have not gone to dealer yet.

20220728ENGINE

Vehicle has a cp4 fuel pump. This pump has a high failure rate. Upon failure the vehicle shuts down and cannot be restarted. This can happen at any time and anywhere. Can happen while on a highway or freeway. This vehicle is used to haul heave loads. This failure can ending up to $10,000 or more to repair. This failure has not happened on this vehicle yet. Am very concerned about me safety and the safety of others because of the high failure rate.

20211222AIR BAGS

The contact owns a 2015 GMC Sierra 3500. The contact received a recall notification for NHTSA Campaign Number: 21V504000 (Air Bags) however, the part to do the recall repair was not yet available. The contact stated that the manufacturer had exceeded a reasonable amount of time for the recall repair. The manufacturer was notified of the issue. The contact had not experienced a failure. VIN tool confirms parts are not available.

20210430FUEL/PROPULSION SYSTEM

I SEE THERE WAS A RECALL FROM GM #17399 FOR THE 2015 DUAL FUEL TANK SENDING UNIT PROBLEM. THIS IS ONLY FOR THE 6.0 L GAS ENGINE. I HAVE THE DURAMAX 6.6L ENGINE IN MINE. I HAD THE SAME PROBLEM WITH MINE. THE SENDING UNIT DID NOT TURN OFF THE TRANSFER PUMP AND OVERFILLED THE FRONT TANK CAUSING FUEL TO POUR OUT ALL OVER THE ROAD. I CAUGHT IT BEFORE THE DRIVE LINE CAUSED ANY DAMAGE. I HAD IT TOWED TO THE DEALER AND WHILE WE MOVED IT TO PULL IT UP ON THE TOW TRUCK IT WAS PUSHING FUEL OUT OF THE FILLER NECK OF THE FRONT TANK. THE DEALER SHIP REFUSED TO COVER THE COST SAYING ITS NOT PART OF THE RECALL. THEY SAID IT WASN'T THE SAME PROBLEM. IT SURE WAS. I HAVE ATTACHED THE REPAIR ORDER AND THE RECALL NOTIFICATION BELOW. I AM WONDERING IF IT IS PART OF THE RECALL AND THEY ARE JUST NOT DOING THEIR JOB AND HONERING IT.

Mileage: 90,665

20210112ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

THE COMMUNICATIONS QUIT WORKING, I CAN NOT USE THE HANDS FREE ON MY PHONE

Mileage: 51,040

20210112UNKNOWN OR OTHER

THE COMMUNICATIONS QUIT WORKING, I CAN NOT USE THE HANDS FREE ON MY PHONE

Mileage: 51,040

20201021CrashSERVICE BRAKES

AFTER 3 ATTEMPTS TO CORRECT THE BRAKE PROBLEM BY GREINER GM. THE LAST TIME I DROVE THIS TRUCK THE BRAKES LOCKED UP IN THE MIDDLE OF THE HWY FOR NO REASON TRUCK WAS BROUGHT BACK TO DEALERSHIP WHERE THEY HAVE HAD GM SPECIALIST CHECK IT OUT AND I HAVE BEEN TOLD THE TRUCK IS UN REPAIRABLE , I AM SEEKING A BUY BACK FROM GM AS OF 10/15/20 DEALER INFO: GREINER GMC. SERVICE MANAGER : GABRIEL DURON SERVICE MANAGER GREINER BUICK GMC (760)245-3452 EXT 207

Mileage: 43,000

20200520STEERING

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2015 GMC SIERRA 3500. THE CONTACT STATED HER HUSBAND WAS DRIVING AT 20-30 MPH AND HAULING A TRAILER, THE DRIVER ENTERED THE HIGHWAY, MADE A RIGHT TURN AND THE VEHICLE LOSS OF POWER STEERING ASSIST AND BECAME DIFFICULT TO STEER. THE VEHICLE WAS TOWED TO CAVENDER BUICK GMC WEST (7400 TX-1604 LOOP, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78254) TO BE DIAGNOSED. THE DRIVER WAS INFORMED THAT THE POWER STEERING NEEDED TO BE REPLACED. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT REPAIRED. THE CONTACT REFERENCED THE FAILURE TO (NHTSA CAMPAIGN NUMBER: 14V719000 (STEERING) HOWEVER THE VIN WAS NOT INCLUDED. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOT MADE AWARE OF THE FAILURE. THE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 33,000.

Mileage: 33,000

20200127ENGINE

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2015 GMC SIERRA 3500. THE CONTACT STATED THAT WHILE DRIVING APPROXIMATELY 70 MPH A KNOCKING NOISE WAS PRESENT COMING FROM THE ENGINE AND HEAVY SMOKE WAS SEEN COMING OUT OF THE EXHAUST. THE VEHICLE WAS TOWED TO AN INDEPENDENT MECHANIC WHO DIAGNOSED THE PISTON FRACTURED AND THE ENGINE NEEDED TO BE REPLACED. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT REPAIRED. THE LOCAL DEALER FAIR GROUNDS GMC (100 FAIRGROUNDS RD, ROLLA MO) WAS NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOT NOTIFIED. THE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 106,000. THE VIN WAS NOT AVAILABLE.

Mileage: 106,000

20190523SERVICE BRAKES

I WAS TRAVELING ON A BUSY ROADWAY AT 40 MPH WHEN FUEL FILTER WARNING LIGHT CAME ON SUDDENLY AND VEHICLE LOST ALL POWER - INCLUDING THE LOSS OF POWER STEERING AND POWER BRAKING. THANKFULLY I HAD NOT YET ENTERED THE HIGHWAY AND WAS ABLE TO SLOW VEHICLE DOWN BUT WITH GREAT DIFFICULTY AND NOT INJURE ANYONE AROUND AND THAT DAY WAS NOT TOWING A LOAD. VEHICLE WOULD NOT RESTART. I HAD IT TOWED TO NEAREST DEALERSHIP WHO THEN INFORMED ME THAT THE "BOSCH CP4 FUEL PUMP" HAD EXPLODED SENDING METAL SHRAPNEL THROUGHOUT THE ENTIRE ENGINES FUEL SYSTEM. THE ONLY FIX WAS THE ENTIRE REPLACEMENT OF THE FUEL SYSTEM AT A COST OF OVER $11K. I HAD JUST PURCHASED THE TRUCK 3 MONTHS PRIOR. UPON HEARING THIS, I SEE THIS HAS BEEN A FREQUENT SAFETY PROBLEM AFFECTING A WHOLE LINE OF 2011 - CURRENT GM, FORD, DODGE, AND JEEP DIESEL VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITH THE CP4 PUMPS. THERE ARE NUMEROUS LAWSUITS UNDERWAY FOR THIS FAILURE INCLUDING ONE OF A MAJOR ACCIDENT WHILE TOWING (WHAT THESE TRUCKS ARE MADE FOR) BECAUSE OF

Mileage: 103,000

20190523FUEL/PROPULSION SYSTEM

I WAS TRAVELING ON A BUSY ROADWAY AT 40 MPH WHEN FUEL FILTER WARNING LIGHT CAME ON SUDDENLY AND VEHICLE LOST ALL POWER - INCLUDING THE LOSS OF POWER STEERING AND POWER BRAKING. THANKFULLY I HAD NOT YET ENTERED THE HIGHWAY AND WAS ABLE TO SLOW VEHICLE DOWN BUT WITH GREAT DIFFICULTY AND NOT INJURE ANYONE AROUND AND THAT DAY WAS NOT TOWING A LOAD. VEHICLE WOULD NOT RESTART. I HAD IT TOWED TO NEAREST DEALERSHIP WHO THEN INFORMED ME THAT THE "BOSCH CP4 FUEL PUMP" HAD EXPLODED SENDING METAL SHRAPNEL THROUGHOUT THE ENTIRE ENGINES FUEL SYSTEM. THE ONLY FIX WAS THE ENTIRE REPLACEMENT OF THE FUEL SYSTEM AT A COST OF OVER $11K. I HAD JUST PURCHASED THE TRUCK 3 MONTHS PRIOR. UPON HEARING THIS, I SEE THIS HAS BEEN A FREQUENT SAFETY PROBLEM AFFECTING A WHOLE LINE OF 2011 - CURRENT GM, FORD, DODGE, AND JEEP DIESEL VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITH THE CP4 PUMPS. THERE ARE NUMEROUS LAWSUITS UNDERWAY FOR THIS FAILURE INCLUDING ONE OF A MAJOR ACCIDENT WHILE TOWING (WHAT THESE TRUCKS ARE MADE FOR) BECAUSE OF

Mileage: 103,000

20190523STEERING

I WAS TRAVELING ON A BUSY ROADWAY AT 40 MPH WHEN FUEL FILTER WARNING LIGHT CAME ON SUDDENLY AND VEHICLE LOST ALL POWER - INCLUDING THE LOSS OF POWER STEERING AND POWER BRAKING. THANKFULLY I HAD NOT YET ENTERED THE HIGHWAY AND WAS ABLE TO SLOW VEHICLE DOWN BUT WITH GREAT DIFFICULTY AND NOT INJURE ANYONE AROUND AND THAT DAY WAS NOT TOWING A LOAD. VEHICLE WOULD NOT RESTART. I HAD IT TOWED TO NEAREST DEALERSHIP WHO THEN INFORMED ME THAT THE "BOSCH CP4 FUEL PUMP" HAD EXPLODED SENDING METAL SHRAPNEL THROUGHOUT THE ENTIRE ENGINES FUEL SYSTEM. THE ONLY FIX WAS THE ENTIRE REPLACEMENT OF THE FUEL SYSTEM AT A COST OF OVER $11K. I HAD JUST PURCHASED THE TRUCK 3 MONTHS PRIOR. UPON HEARING THIS, I SEE THIS HAS BEEN A FREQUENT SAFETY PROBLEM AFFECTING A WHOLE LINE OF 2011 - CURRENT GM, FORD, DODGE, AND JEEP DIESEL VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITH THE CP4 PUMPS. THERE ARE NUMEROUS LAWSUITS UNDERWAY FOR THIS FAILURE INCLUDING ONE OF A MAJOR ACCIDENT WHILE TOWING (WHAT THESE TRUCKS ARE MADE FOR) BECAUSE OF

Mileage: 103,000

20190208SEAT BELTS

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2015 GMC SIERRA 3500. THE CONTACT STATED THAT TWO OF THE FIVE SEAT BELTS IN THE VEHICLE FAILED TO PROPERLY RETRACT AND SECURE. THE FRONT PASSENGER AND REAR MIDDLE SEAT BELTS BECAME UNSECURED WHILE THE VEHICLE WAS IN OPERATION WITHIN WEEKS APART. THE FAILURE OCCURRED FREQUENTLY. BEAMAN BUICK GMC (1531 BROADWAY, NASHVILLE, TN 37203, (615) 251-8400) INDICATED THAT THEY WOULD ORDER THE SEAT BELT KIT, BUT DID NOT CONFIRM THE QUANTITY. THE DEALER DID NOT STATE WHETHER THE PART WAS AVAILABLE. THE CONTACT WAS CONCERNED THAT THE SEAT BELTS COULD FAIL IN THE EVENT OF A CRASH. A LOANER VEHICLE WAS NOT OFFERED WHILE WAITING TO RECEIVE THE PART. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE AND ISSUED NHTSA CAMPAIGN NUMBERS: 17V437000 (AIR BAGS, SEAT BELTS), 16V651000 (AIR BAGS, SEAT BELTS), AND 14V301000 (ELECTRICAL SYSTEM, SEAT BELTS). THERE WERE ALSO THREE TSBS FOR THE SEAT BELTS, BUT THE CONTACT DID NOT KNOW IF THE VEHICLE WAS INCLUDED IN ANY OF THE RECALLS OR TSBS. THE MA

20190108VISIBILITY/WIPER

SITTING IN A PARKING LOT ALLOWING THE PICKUP TO WARM UP, THE REAR DEFROSTER WAS ON AND STARTED HAVING A CRACKLING SOUND AND SMOKING. THE NOISE AND SMOKE STOPPED WHEN THE REAR DEFROSTER WAS TURNED OFF, HOWEVER APPROXIMATELY A MINUTE LATER THE WINDOW SHATTERED AND SPRAYED GLASS SHARDS INTO THE CAB AND ON THE BACK SEAT. THE PICKUP WAS STATIONARY AND THERE WAS NO POSSIBILITY THAT THIS WAS CAUSED BY AN IMPACT. BASED ON THE PATTERN OF BROKEN GLASS IT COULD BE SEEN COMING FROM THE CORNER OF THE WINDOW WHERE THE HEATING ELEMENT IS. I CALLED GM AND THEY INDICATED THEY WOULD NOT LOOK AT THE VEHICLE FOR AT LEAST 30 DAYS TO EVEN DETERMINE THE ISSUE.

Mileage: 64,000

20180328STEERING

FRONT TIRES ARE CONTINUALLY WEARING ON THE FRONT OUTSIDE EDGE. WEARING UNTIL BALD IN FIRST 15000 MILES OF OWNERSHIP, MULTIPLE FRONT END ALIGNMENT CALIBRATION TESTS AND ACTUAL FRONT END CALIBRATION NOT RESOLVING ISSUE. FRONT TIRES REPLACED AT APPROXIMATELY 23,000 MILES AND AGAIN WEARING ON OUTSIDE EDGE AT 40,000 MILES. WORSE ON DRIVER SIDE. CONTACTED DEALER SEVERAL TIMES FOR RESOLUTION AND CONTACTED GM TWICE TO OPEN TICKET. LAST GM TICKET WAS 8-4030406653. TIRES ARE MICHELIN AND ARE SUPPOSED TO LAST 65,000 MILES. NEVER SEEN THIS TYPE OF WEAR ON ANY PAST GM VEHICLE OWNED. REAR TIRES ARE IN EXCELLENT CONDITION. UNABLE TO GET DEALER OR GM TO FIND CAUSE AND RESOLVE ONCE AND FOR ALL. TIRED OF PAYING OUT OF POCKET ALIGNMENT COSTS. THE FRONT TIRES ARE ON THE SECOND SET AND THE CURRENT VEHICLE MILEAGE IS 42K. I HAVE ATTACHED IMAGES OF FRONT DRIVER SIDE TIRE WHICH HAS GREATEST WEAR AND IMAGE 20180328_113012.JPG IS THE ORIGINAL BACK TIRES WHICH HAVE NO WEAR. FRONT ARE THE SECOND SET

Compare 2015GMCSIERRA 3500 to Similar Vehicles

NHTSA Investigations

Frequently Asked Questions

How many complaints does the 2015 GMC SIERRA 3500 have?
The 2015 GMC SIERRA 3500 has 40 NHTSA complaints, 1 crashes, 3 fires, 1 injuries, and 0 deaths reported.
What is the safety rating for the 2015 GMC SIERRA 3500?
The 2015 GMC SIERRA 3500 received an overall NHTSA safety rating of Not Rated/5, front crash rating of Not Rated/5, side crash rating of Not Rated/5, and rollover rating of Not Rated/5.
Are there any recalls for the 2015 GMC SIERRA 3500?
Yes, the 2015 GMC SIERRA 3500 has 7 recall(s). The most common affected component is SERVICE BRAKES, HYDRAULIC:PEDALS AND LINKAGES. Recalls are issued by NHTSA and manufacturers must provide a free remedy.
What are the most common problems with the 2015 GMC SIERRA 3500?
The most-complained component for the 2015 GMC SIERRA 3500 is EXTERIOR LIGHTING with 6 complaints. Other frequently reported areas include ELECTRICAL SYSTEM and ENGINE.
Is the 2015 GMC SIERRA 3500 safe to buy?
Review the complaint history, crash and fire reports, safety ratings, and recall status on this page to make an informed decision. The 2015 GMC SIERRA 3500 has an NHTSA safety rating of Not Rated/5. Compare with other model years using the links above.
Where does this data come from?
All complaint, recall, and safety rating data is sourced from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). Complaints are filed by vehicle owners through NHTSA's Office of Defects Investigation.

Vehicle Safety Guides

Data as of 2025. Sources: NHTSA Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) complaints database, NHTSA recall campaign API, NHTSA NCAP crash-test ratings, and NHTSA FARS for fatality cross-reference.