NHTSA

Defect investigations

NHTSA opens defect investigations when complaint patterns suggest a possible safety risk. Browse all 4,173 investigations, including 93 currently open.

According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), the agency Office of Defects Investigation has opened 4,161 formal defect investigations into U.S. vehicles as of June 2026. Each investigation can precede a recall; see our methodology for how these federal case files are tracked.

4,173
Total
93
Open
2329
Preliminary
871
Engineering
210
Recall Queries
Status: All Open
Type: All PEEARQ
EA98003 Engineering Analysis Closed
1998-01-30

OVERSENSITIVE AIR BAG DEPLOYMENTS

EA98002 Engineering Analysis Closed
1998-01-30

TRANSFER CASE LOCKUP

EA98001 Engineering Analysis Closed
1998-01-23

OVERSENSITIVE AIR BAG DEPLOYMENTS

EA97028 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-12-30

UNDERHOOD FIRES

EA97027 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-12-24

WHEEL SEPARATION

EA97026 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-11-26

FRONT SUSPENSION COIL SPRING FAILURE

EA97025 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-11-24

CONVERTIBLE TOP COVER DISENGAGEMENT

EA97024 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-11-13

FUEL TUBE RETAINING CLIP FAILURE

EA97023 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-10-31

DRIVER'S SEAT FRAME FAILURE

EA97022 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-10-23

WINDSHIELD WIPER FAILURE

EA97021 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-09-30

PASSENGER COMPARTMENT FIRES

EA97020 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-09-30

FRONT WINDSHIELD WIPER

EA97019 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-09-30

FRONT SEAT BACK COLLAPSE

EA97018 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-09-30

OUTER HOOD PANEL DETACHMENT

EA97017 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-09-30

HARNESS LATCH/BUCKLE PROBLEMS

EA97016 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-09-29

LOWER CONTROL ARM BALL JOINT FAILURE

PLYMOUTH PLYMOUTH

EA97015 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-07-22

TURN SIGNAL FAILURES

EA97014 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-06-03

STEERING WHEEL SEPARATION/DISENGAGEMENT

EA97013 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-05-30

DYSFUNCTION TURN SIGNAL ASSEMBLY

EA97012 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-05-23

OVERSENSITIVE AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT

MAZDA MAZDA

EA97011 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-05-23

SUNROOF SHATTERING AND SEPARATION

EA97010 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-04-30

OVERSENSITIVE AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT

SUBARU SUBARU

EA97009 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-04-30

LOSS OF STEERING CONTROL

EA97008 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-04-23

LEAKING FUEL TANK

EA97007 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-04-17

STEERING SHAFT SEPARATIONS

EA97005 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-04-10

SAFETY BELT ANCHORAGE FAILURES

EA97006 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-03-26

CARRYING HANDLE COMES UNLATCHED

EA97004 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-02-28

SEAT BELT WEBBING SEPARATION

EA97003 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-01-31

INTEGRATED CHILD SEAT BELT LOCKUP

CHRYSLER CHRYSLER

EA97002 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-01-31

FUEL TANK LEAKS

CHRYSLER CHRYSLER

EA97001 Engineering Analysis Closed
1997-01-13

BRAKE DISC/HUB SEPARATION

EA96030 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-12-20

CRACKED FUEL TANKS

EA96031 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-12-20

FUEL LIQUID-VAPOR SEPARATOR

EA96029 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-11-30

INFLATABLE CHILD SEAT FAILURE

EA96028 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-11-14

PINCHED WIRING HARNESSES

EA96026 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-10-31

BRAKE PEDAL FADE/EXTENDED STOP DISTANCE

EA96027 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-10-31

ALLEGED REAR LIFTGATE SUPPORT FAILURE

EA96025 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-10-15

SLIDING DOOR LATCH FAILURE

EA96024 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-09-30

ENGINE COOLING FAN FIRES

EA96023 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-09-27

INAPPROPRIATE AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT

EA96022 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-09-24

STEERING WHEEL BREAKAGE

EA96021 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-09-11

INFANT SEAT BASE SEPARATION

EA96020 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-08-30

SEAT BELT ANCHORAGE SEPARATION

FORD F150

EA96019 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-07-31

HEADLIGHT FAILURE

EA96018 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-07-29

EVAPORATIVE CANISTER LEAKAGE

EA96017 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-07-24

BRAKE SYSTEM MALFUNCTION

EA96015 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-06-28

AUTOMATIC SHOULDER BELT FAILURE

EA96014 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-06-28

AUTOMATIC SHOULDER BELT FAILURE

MITSUBISHI MITSUBISHI

EA96016 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-06-28

INCONSISTENT SAFETY BELT BUCKLE

EA96013 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-06-18

DYSFUNCTIONAL TURN SIGNAL ASSEMBL

FREIGHTLINER FREIGHTLINER

EA96012 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-06-18

DYSFUNCTIONAL TURN SIGNAL SWITCH ASSEMBL

FREIGHTLINER FREIGHTLINER

EA96011 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-06-18

DYSFUNCTIONAL TURN SIGNAL ASSEMBL

FREIGHTLINER FREIGHTLINER

EA96010 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-06-18

WINDSHIELD WIPER FAILURES

OLDSMOBILE OLDSMOBILE

EA96009 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-06-17

DYSFUNCTIONAL TURN SIGNAL ASSEMBLY

FREIGHTLINER FREIGHTLINER

EA96008 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-06-06

DYSFUNCTIONAL TURN SIGNAL ASSEMBLY

FREIGHTLINER FREIGHTLINER

EA96007 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-05-31

REAR WHEEL SEPARATION

EA96006 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-05-31

ROLLAWAY IN REVERSE WHEN PARKED

EA96005 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-05-30

BATTERY EXPLOSIONS

EA96004 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-04-16

REAR BRAKE LOCKUP

EA96003 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-04-04

FMVSS 106 BRAKE HOSE LABEL NONCOMPLIANCE

EA96002 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-03-29

ALLEGED WHEEL FAILURE

EA96001 Engineering Analysis Closed
1996-02-29

CANVAS SOFT-TOP FLY-OFF

EA95030 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-10-31

REAR FUEL LINE INTERFERENCE

EA95031 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-10-31

REAR SEAT BELT FAILURE

EA95032 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-10-31

SEAT TRACK

EA95033 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-10-31

FAULTY SEAT BELT BUCKLES

EA95029 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-09-26

STEERING WHEEL SEPARATION

CHRYSLER CHRYSLER

EA95027 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-09-22

BLOWER AREA FIRES

EA95028 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-09-22

UNDERHOOD FUEL LEAKS

EA95026 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-09-20

POOR BRAKE PERFORMANCE

EA95023 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-08-31

WATER IN DEFROSTER SYSTEM

EA95025 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-08-31

DASH TRIM SEPARATION

EA95024 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-08-31

OVERSENSITIVE AIR BAG DEPLOYMENTS

EA95022 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-08-31

PASSENGER AIR BAG MODULE DETACHMENT

EA95021 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-07-31

FAULTY SEAT BELT BUCKLES

EA95020 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-06-30

PASSENGER COMPARTMENT FIRE

EA95018 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-06-19

SEPARATION OF MASTER CYLINDER

FORD FORD

EA95017 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-05-31

SEAT BACK BOLT FAILURE

EA95016 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-05-26

ABS BRAKING MALFUNCTION

EA95015 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-04-28

WINDOW SHADE INGESTION

EA95014 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-04-25

SEAT BELT BUCKLES FAILURE

EA95013 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-03-31

AIR BAG WIRING FAILURE

EA95012 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-03-31

FAILURE OF SERPENTINE BELT

EA95011 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-03-29

UNDERCARRIAGE FUEL LINE INTERFERENCE

EA95007 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-03-10

TAKATA SEAT BELT BUCKLE FAILURE

EA95008 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-03-10

TAKATA SEAT BELT BUCKLE FAILURE

EA95009 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-03-10

TAKATA SEAT BELT BUCKLE FAILURE

EA95010 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-03-10

TAKATA SEAT BELT BUCKLE FAILURE

EA95006 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-03-10

TAKATA SEAT BELT BUCKLE FAILURE

EA95005 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-03-10

TAKATA SEAT BELT BUCKLE FAILURE

EA95004 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-03-10

TAKATA SEAT BELT BUCKLE FAILURE

EA95003 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-02-24

CRUISE CONTROL FAILURES

EA95002 Engineering Analysis Closed
1995-02-24

FIRES IN STEERING COLUMN

EA94040 Engineering Analysis Closed
1994-11-30

TRUCK LID SUPPORT FAILURE

EA94039 Engineering Analysis Closed
1994-11-30

AUTO RESTRAINT SYSTEM FAIL

EA94038 Engineering Analysis Closed
1994-10-31

ABS BRAKING SYSTEM

EA94036 Engineering Analysis Closed
1994-10-27

SEAT BELT BUCKLE FAILURE

EA94035 Engineering Analysis Closed
1994-10-27

SEAT BELT BUCKLE FAILURE

EA94034 Engineering Analysis Closed
1994-10-24

FLOOR FAILURE

EA94033 Engineering Analysis Closed
1994-09-29

HORN PAD FALLS OFF

Understanding NHTSA Investigations

Preliminary Evaluation (PE)

Initial assessment of a potential safety defect, typically opened after receiving multiple consumer complaints about similar issues.

Engineering Analysis (EA)

In-depth technical evaluation that may include testing, data collection from manufacturers, and detailed defect analysis.

Recall Query (RQ)

Evaluation of the effectiveness of a previously issued recall remedy, often triggered when complaints persist after a recall.

Investigation Outcomes

Investigations may result in a voluntary recall by the manufacturer, a mandatory recall order, or closure if no defect is found.

Data from NHTSA Office of Defects Investigation. PlainCars does not rate or recommend vehicles. about how PlainCars sources NHTSA data.