NHTSA

Defect investigations

NHTSA opens defect investigations when complaint patterns suggest a possible safety risk. Browse all 4,173 investigations, including 93 currently open.

According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), the agency Office of Defects Investigation has opened 4,161 formal defect investigations into U.S. vehicles as of June 2026. Each investigation can precede a recall; see our methodology for how these federal case files are tracked.

4,173
Total
93
Open
2329
Preliminary
871
Engineering
210
Recall Queries
Status: All Open
Type: All PEEARQ
PE91130 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-10-01

1991 CENTURY SAFETY SEATS

PE91131 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-10-01

THROTTLE STICKING

PE91134 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-10-01

INCONSISTENT BRAKE PERFORM

PE91129 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-09-25

OIL CONTAMINATION,AIR BRKS

PE91128 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-09-17

FIRES IN IGNITION SWITCH

PE91127 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-09-16

PARK PAWL BENDING

PE91126 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-09-12

EXHAUST LEAK FIRES

PE91125 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-09-11

BRAKE LINE PUNCTURES

PE91124 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-09-09

ENGINE COMPARTMENT FIRES

PE91123 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-09-04

IMPROPER WEIGHT DISTRIB.

PE91118 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-08-31

JACK FAILURE

PE91122 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-08-30

JACK FAILURE

PE91121 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-08-30

JACK FAILURE

PE91120 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-08-30

FRONT BRAKE DISC/HUB SEP

PE91119 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-08-29

JACK FAILURE

PE91117 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-08-28

JACK FAILURE

PE91116 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-08-28

JACK FAILURE

PE91115 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-08-27

GAUGE FAILURE

PE91114 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-08-26

HEATER CORE FAILURE

PE91112 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-08-22

REAR SEAT BUCKLE UNLATCHES

PE91113 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-08-21

STEERING WHEEL DETACHMENT

PE91111 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-08-16

BATTERY EXPLOSION

PE91110 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-08-05

IMPROPERLY STRETCHED CHASS

PE91109 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-08-01

DASH REFLCTS IN WINDSHIELD

PE91107 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-08-01

JACK FAILURE

PE91108 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-08-01

STORAGE COMPAR SUFFOCATION

PE91106 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-07-31

WHEEL FAILURE

PE91105 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-07-23

INADVERTENT ENGINE SHUTDWN

PE91103 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-07-23

GOVERNOR PIN/ENG THROTTLE

PE91104 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-07-23

AXLE HOUSING SEPARATION

PE91102 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-07-21

WNDSHLD DFRSTER DUCT SEPAR

PE91100 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-07-17

HIGH SPEED INSTABILITY

PE91101 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-07-17

FRONT BRAKE DISC/HUB SEP

PE91099 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-07-15

SAFETY BELT CUT AT D-RING

PE91098 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-07-12

SAFETY BELT CUT AT WEBBING

PE91097 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-07-10

AUTO SHOULDER BELT FAILS

PE91096 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-07-09

PROPANE TANK SEPARATION

PE91095 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-07-08

REAR WHEEL LOCKUP

PE91094 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-07-05

BRAKING PERFORMANCE LOSS

PE91093 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-06-28

ABS CONTROL FAILURE

PE91092 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-06-26

HARNESS STRAPS LOOSENING

PE91091 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-06-25

REAR HEATER FIRES

PE91090 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-06-20

SPARE TIRE FIRES

PE91089 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-06-19

THROTTLE STICKS, HIGH IDLE

PE91087 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-06-18

BRAKE CAMSHAFT FAILURE

PE91088 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-06-18

THROTTLE STICKING

PE91086 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-06-17

FALSE PUMP INDICATOR LIGHT

PE91085 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-06-11

STEERING LOCKS UP

PE91084 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-06-10

VACUUM BOOSTR VALVE FAILS

PE91083 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1991-06-10

TRANSMISSION LOCKUP

Understanding NHTSA Investigations

Preliminary Evaluation (PE)

Initial assessment of a potential safety defect, typically opened after receiving multiple consumer complaints about similar issues.

Engineering Analysis (EA)

In-depth technical evaluation that may include testing, data collection from manufacturers, and detailed defect analysis.

Recall Query (RQ)

Evaluation of the effectiveness of a previously issued recall remedy, often triggered when complaints persist after a recall.

Investigation Outcomes

Investigations may result in a voluntary recall by the manufacturer, a mandatory recall order, or closure if no defect is found.

Data from NHTSA Office of Defects Investigation. PlainCars does not rate or recommend vehicles. about how PlainCars sources NHTSA data.