NHTSA

Defect investigations

NHTSA opens defect investigations when complaint patterns suggest a possible safety risk. Browse all 4,173 investigations, including 93 currently open.

According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), the agency Office of Defects Investigation has opened 4,161 formal defect investigations into U.S. vehicles as of June 2026. Each investigation can precede a recall; see our methodology for how these federal case files are tracked.

4,173
Total
93
Open
2329
Preliminary
871
Engineering
210
Recall Queries
Status: All Open
Type: All PEEARQ
PE98024 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-04-21

TIE ROD END FAILURES

PE98022 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-04-14

REAR SUSPENSION TRAILING ARM/BOLT

PE98021 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-04-01

LOSS OF THROTTLE CONTROL

PE98020 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-03-31

UNDERHOOD FUEL LEAKAGE AND FIRES

PE98019 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-03-31

UNDERHOOD FUEL LEAKAGE AND FIRES

PE98018 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-03-31

UNDERHOOD FUEL LEAKAGE AND FIRES

PE98017 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-03-31

UNDERHOOD FUEL LEAKAGE AND FIRES

PE98016 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-03-13

THROTTLE HANG-UP

PE98015 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-03-11

CO INTRUSION

PE98014 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-03-06

FUEL RAIL LEAKAGE

PE98013 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-03-02

ELECTRICAL SHORT/FIRE

PE98012 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-02-26

UNDERHOOD FIRES

PE98011 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-02-25

MISMATCHED BRAKE ACTUATION CHAMBERS

PE98010 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-02-13

FUEL SENDER ASSEMBLY FIRES

PE98009 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-02-13

INDEPENDENT FRONT SUSPENSION TORSION BAR

PE98008 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-02-11

SEAT BACK FAILURES

PE98007 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-02-06

PASSENGER COMPARTMENT FIRE

PE98005 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-02-06

ERRATIC TURN SIGNAL OPERATION

PE98006 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-02-05

HEATER CORE RUPTURE

PE98004 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-02-05

UNDERHOOD FIRES

PE98003 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-01-23

UNDERHOOD FIRES

PE98002 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-01-14

HEADLIGHT CIRCUIT FAILURE

PE98001 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1998-01-07

AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE IGNITION INTERLOCK

PE97051 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-12-23

PARKING BRAKE FAILURE

PE97050 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-12-19

CONVERTIBLE TOP OPENING WHILE DRIVING

PE97049 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-11-18

AIR BAG CIRCUIT/WINDSHIELD WIPER MOTOR

PE97048 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-11-03

MISSING/LOOSE FRONT BRAKE CALIPER ANCHOR

PE97047 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-10-29

INADVERTENT AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT

PE97046 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-10-24

INADVERTENT AIR BAG DEPLOYMENTS

PE97045 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-10-23

ENGINE COMPARTMENT FIRE

VOLVO VOLVO

PE97044 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-10-22

UNEXPECTED ENGINE SHUT DOWN

PE97043 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-10-20

CLUTCH HYDRAULIC LINE FAILURE

CHRYSLER CHRYSLER

PE97042 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-09-21

OVERSENSITIVE AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT

PE97041 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-09-09

INADVERTENT AIR BAG DEPLOYMENTS

PE97040 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-09-04

TRANSFER CASE LOCKUP

PE97039 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-08-27

UNDERHOOD FIRES

PE97038 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-08-06

REAR SPRING FRACTURE

PE97037 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-07-28

STEERING WHEEL/COLUMN LOCKUP

PE97036 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-07-24

FUEL TUB RETAINING CLIP FAILURE

PE97035 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-07-22

FRONT SUSPENSION COIL SPRING FAILURE

PE97034 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-07-16

IGNITION INTERLOCK FAILURE

PE97033 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-07-14

WHEEL SEPARATION FROM VEHICLE

PE97031 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-07-11

ELECTRICAL FIRE

PE97032 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-07-11

INADVERTENT FRONT ENTRY DOOR OPENINGS

PE97030 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-06-18

MISSING SIDE-WINDOW STOPS

PE97029 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-06-17

CONVERTIBLE TOP COVER DISENGAGEMENT

PE97028 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-06-17

WINDSHIELD WIPER

PE97027 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-06-17

DRIVERS SEAT FAILURE

PE97026 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-06-13

MISSING J-HOOK BODY RETENTION HOOKS

PE97025 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-06-12

INSTRUMENT PANEL/DASH ELECTRICAL FIRE

PE97024 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-06-03

CHASSIS SPRING SHACKLES

PE97021 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-05-20

ALLEGED FAILURE LOWER RADIUS ROD BRACKER

PE97023 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-05-19

HARNESS LATCH/BUCKLE PROBLEMS

PE97022 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-05-19

PASSENGER COMPARTMENT FIRES

PE97020 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-05-14

ALLEGED FRAME FRACTURES

PE97019 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-05-06

FAILURE TRANSMISSION PARK ENGAGEMENT/LOC

FORD F-150

PE97018 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-04-29

TURN SIGNAL FAILURES

TOYOTA TOYOTA

PE97017 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-04-23

AIR BAG EXHAUST FIRE

PE97016 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-04-07

FRONT SEAT BACK COLLAPSE

PE97014 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-04-04

AIR BAG EXHAUST FIRE

PE97015 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-04-04

AIR BAG EXHAUST FIRE

PE97013 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-04-02

WINDSHIELD WIPER FAILURE

PE97012 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-03-17

PASSENGER COMPARTMENT FIRES

PE97011 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-03-13

OUTER HOOD PANEL DETACHMENT

FORD FORD

PE97010 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-03-13

ELECTRICAL FIRE IN CENTER CONSOLE

PE97009 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-03-13

LOWER CONTROL ARM BALL JOINT FAILURE

CHRYSLER CHRYSLER

PE97008 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-02-03

INADVERTENT AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT

PE97007 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-01-31

ALLEGED FIRES IN STEERING COLUMN AREA

PE97006 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-01-30

INAPPROPRIATE AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT

PE97005 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-01-29

UNDERCARRIAGE FIRES

PE97004 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-01-29

STEERING WHEEL SEPARATION/DISENGAGEMENT

PE97003 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-01-21

LEAKING FUEL TANK

PE97001 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-01-17

REAR AXLE SEPARATION FROM VEHICLE

PE97002 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1997-01-17

WINDSHIELD WIPER FAILURE

HYUNDAI ELANTRA

PE96077 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-12-18

LOSS OF CHASSIS ELECTRICAL POWER

PE96076 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-12-18

STEERING SHAFT SEPARATIONS

PE96075 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-12-18

OVERSENSITIVE AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT

SUBARU IMPREZA

PE96074 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-12-17

SUNROOF (AIR ROOF) SHATTER

PE96073 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-12-05

LOSS OF POWER STEERING ASSIST

PE96072 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-12-05

LOSS OF STEERING CONTROL

PE96071 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-12-04

MISMATCHED BRAKE CHAMBERS

PE96070 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-11-26

TRANSMISSION FLUID FIRES

CHRYSLER CHRYSLER

PE96069 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-11-26

LOSS OF STEERING CONTROL

PE96066 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-11-22

DRIVER DOOR ELECTRICAL FIRE

FORD FORD

PE96065 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-11-15

ALLEGED ENGINE SUBFRAME MOUNT/INSULATOR

PE96064 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-11-08

HARNESS RELEASE BUTTON BREAKS

PE96063 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-11-08

CARRYING HANDLE COMES UNLATCHED

PE96062 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-10-31

TAB FOR SEAT BELT ATTACHMENT BREAKS OFF

PE96061 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-10-25

SEAT BELT WEBBING SEPARATION

CHEVROLET CHEVROLET

PE96060 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-10-21

DOOR OPEN WHILE DRIVING

PE96059 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-10-09

ALLEGED FAILURE CHILDSEAT CARRIER HANDLE

PE96058 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-10-09

ALLEGED POWER STEERING HOSE FAILURES

PE96057 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-09-27

WHEEL FAILURE

PE96056 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-09-17

UNDERSEAT VEHICLE FIRES

PE96055 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-09-13

FUEL LIQUID-VAPOR SEPARATOR FAILURE

PE96053 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-09-05

BRAKE DISC/HUB SEPARATION

DODGE DODGE

PE96054 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-09-03

CNG FUEL TANK EXPLOSION

PE96052 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-08-23

SEPARATED FRONT SUSPENSION

PE96051 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-08-19

FUEL LEAKS FROM THE GAS TANK

PE96050 Preliminary Evaluation Closed
1996-08-06

CRACKED FUEL TANKS

Understanding NHTSA Investigations

Preliminary Evaluation (PE)

Initial assessment of a potential safety defect, typically opened after receiving multiple consumer complaints about similar issues.

Engineering Analysis (EA)

In-depth technical evaluation that may include testing, data collection from manufacturers, and detailed defect analysis.

Recall Query (RQ)

Evaluation of the effectiveness of a previously issued recall remedy, often triggered when complaints persist after a recall.

Investigation Outcomes

Investigations may result in a voluntary recall by the manufacturer, a mandatory recall order, or closure if no defect is found.

Data from NHTSA Office of Defects Investigation. PlainCars does not rate or recommend vehicles. about how PlainCars sources NHTSA data.