NHTSA
Defect investigations
NHTSA opens defect investigations when complaint patterns suggest a possible safety risk. Browse all 4,161 investigations, including 98 currently open.
According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), the agency Office of Defects Investigation has opened 4,161 formal defect investigations into U.S. vehicles as of June 2026. Each investigation can precede a recall; see our methodology for how these federal case files are tracked.
UNDERDASH FIRES
BRAKE PERFORMANCE
STEERING FAILURE
SHOULDER HARNESS RESTRAINTS
LOWER BALL JOINT FAILURE
FUEL HOSE
FIREWALL FRACTURE
FUEL SYSTEM RELIABILITY
LOSS OF POWER STEERING
STEERING LOCKUP
FRONT BRAKE PADS
GEARSHIFT LEVER BREAKS
GEARSHIFT LEVER BREAKS
STEERING GEAR FAILURE
SAFETY BELT FAILURE
PWR SEAT MALFUNC - FIRE
FRONT SEAT BRACKET
WINDSHIELD WIPERS
LOSS OF STEERING
ENGINE COMPARTMENT FIRES
TRAILER SEPARATION
STEERING LOCKUP
REAR SAFETY BELT JAMS
SPEED CONTROL MALFUNCTION
BRAKE LAMP SWITCH
CHEVROLET CHEVROLET
SEATBACK FAILURE
BRAKE LEAD
RUPTURED LPG PIPE
INADEQUATE BRAKES
BRAKE LAMP SWITCH
SEAT BELT MALFUNCTION
ENGINE BACKFIRE
FUEL TANK STRAP FAILURE
HORN FAILURE
BRAKES
FUEL TANK/DRIVESHAFT
ENGINE COMPARTMENT FIRES
REAR AXLE SEAL FAILURE
WINDSHIELD WIPER MOTOR
FRONT LAP BELT JAMS
POWER STEERING HOSE FAILS
PARKING BRAKE FAILURE
JAMMED STEERING MECHANISM
HEATER HOSE ROUTING
FUEL TANK SEPARATION
REAR BRAKE PIN
BRAKING & WHEEL FAILURE
FUEL FILLER PIPE SPURTING
HEATER CORE FAILURE
ROUTE SIGN-POTENTIAL FIRE
ANTI LOCK BRAKES
THROTTLE NON-RETURN
CRUISE CONTROL
STEERING & SUSPENSION BOLT
WINDSHIELD WIPER FAILURE
FRAME CORROSION
CRUISE CONTROL ERRATIC
FRAME FRACTURES
INOPERATIVE PARKING BRAKES
POWER STEERING HOSE
BRAKE BACKING PLATES
POWER STEERING LOCKING
FORD FORD
HORN MALFUNCTIONS
UNDERHOOD FIRES
HEATER HOSE MISROUTING
FORD FORD
HEADREST FAILURE
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
EXHAUST GAS INTRUSION
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
UNDERHOOD FIRES
Understanding NHTSA Investigations
Preliminary Evaluation (PE)
Initial assessment of a potential safety defect, typically opened after receiving multiple consumer complaints about similar issues.
Engineering Analysis (EA)
In-depth technical evaluation that may include testing, data collection from manufacturers, and detailed defect analysis.
Recall Query (RQ)
Evaluation of the effectiveness of a previously issued recall remedy, often triggered when complaints persist after a recall.
Investigation Outcomes
Investigations may result in a voluntary recall by the manufacturer, a mandatory recall order, or closure if no defect is found.
Data from NHTSA Office of Defects Investigation. PlainCars does not rate or recommend vehicles. about how PlainCars sources NHTSA data.